Gender, Science and Technology

An International Bibliography


Women in Global Science and Technology
Gender, Science and Development Programme

Compiled by Sally Innanen and Sophia Huyer
Last updated on January 2, 1996



AAAS. Women and Development: Final Report of a workshop conducted by the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Washington, D.C.: AAAS, 1979.

Abraham, M.F. and P.S. Abraham. 1988. Women, Development and Change: The Third World Experience. Wyndham Hall Press.
Examines women and economic considerations in Third World countries such as Zambia, Taiwan, Bangladesh, Guyana, Nigeria, Pakistan, Nicaragua, and Venezuela. Technology is dealt with in many of the case studies.

Abt Associates of Canada. April 1982. The Integrated Electronic Office and Women: Implications for Career Mobility. Publisher is author.
Examines projections of the employment impacts of office automation. Addresses the controversy about the enriching or deskilling of work by technology. Career implications for women are explored, and issues clarified.

Adiseshiah, Malcolm S. Science and technology for women. Madras: Tamil Nader State Council for Science and Technology, 1985.

Allaghi, F. Programs to improve the position of women in a traditional culture: an evaluation of a rural women's development center in Libya. Publisher unknown, 1978.

Anker, R. and C. Hein. 1986. Sex Inequalities in Urban Employment in the Third World. International Labour Organization.
Addresses sex inequalities in third world employment, women workers in the formal sector of Lucknow, India, and other case studies. Portions of certain case studies deal with women, science and technology.

Appleton, Helen. Do it Herself: Women and Technical Innovation. IT Publications, 1995.

Asian and Pacific Skill Development Programme. Training of women 1981 yearbook of vocational and technical training in Asia and the Pacific. Islamabad: APSDP, 1982.

Banerjee, N. Indian Females in a Changing Industrial Scenario. Indo-Dutch Series on Development Alternatives 5. c. 1991 Sage Publications.
Assesses implications of the progressive liberalization of Indian industrial and trade policies for women, who form an important section of the country's cheap labour.

Barrett, J., A. Dawber, B. Klugman, I. Obery, J. Schindler and J. Yawitch. South African Women on the Move. c. 1985 CIIR and Vukani Makhosikazi Collective.
Includes three sections dealing with science and technology: "Women at Work", "Last in the Job Queue", and "Barren Dry Places".

Bay, E.G. (ed.). Women and Work in Africa. c. 1982 Westview Press, Inc. (Westview Special Series on Africa).
Contains a number of articles associated with women, science and technology, including: "Women and Agricultural Change in the Railway Region of Zambia: Disposession and Counterstrategies, 1930-1970" (M.S. Muntemba).

Berger, I. 1992. Threads of Solidarity: Women in South African Industry, 1900-1980. Indiana University Press.
Examines the history of women labourers in South Africa (1900-1980) with references to technology.

Bourque, Susan and Kay B. Warren, "Access is Not Enough: Gender Perspectives on Technology and Education," in I. Tinker, ed. Persistent Inequalities. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

Carr, Marilyn. The appropriate technology reader. IT Publications, Ltd., London, 1985.

Carr, Marilyn. "Technologies for Rural Women: Impact and Dissemination," in I. Ahmed, ed. Technology and Rural Women: Conceptual and Empirical Issues. London: Allen and Unwin.

Carr, M. Women and appropriate technology: two essays. London: Intermediate Technology Development Group, 1982.

Centre of Science for Villages, Wardha. S&T for women. Wardha: Centre of Science for Villages, 1983.

Clarke, Adele, and Theresa Montini. 1993. "The many faces of RU4986: tales of situated knowledges and technological contestations." Science, Technology and Human Values 18(1):42-78.

Dauber, R. And M.L. Cain (eds.). Women and technological change in development. Westview Press, Denver, Colorado, 1981.

D'Onofrio-Flores, Pamela (ed.). Scientific-technological change and the role of women in development. Boulder, CO: Published for the United Nations Institute for Training and Research by Westview, 1982.

Drygulski Wright, B. [ed.]. 1987. Women, Work and Technology: Transformations. The University of Michigan.
The core of this collection of papers is from the conference "Women, Work and Technology", held at the University of Connecticut in October 1984. Addresses historical perspectives, transformations of the work process, and access and action of/toward the subject.

Duncan, W.A. Engendering school learning: science, attitudes and achievement among girls and boys in Botswana. Stockholm: University of Stockholm, 1989.


ECA, Addis Ababa. Report on strategies for improving women's access to education and training in S&T in Africa: 4th Regional Conference, 1989. NY: UN Economic and Social Council, 1989.

Ferchak, J. and S. Ribeiro. 1992. Lab to Land: Biotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture in Africa. Spnsored by Appropriate Technology International and NEW ERA.
Proceedings of the first Asia Network for Small-Scale Biotechnologies (ANSAB) Workshop March 29-April 1, 1992. The Lab-to-Land program's goal is the commercialization by farmers themselves of small-scale biotechnologies. The text is a collection of essays describing biotechnologies in various parts of Asia, including Indonesia, Nepal, and the Philippines; these biotechnologies can help increase yield while conserving the natural resource base.Kirkup,

Franklin, U.M. March 1985. Will women change technology, or will technology change women? The Canadian Research Institute for the Advancement of Women (CRIAW) papers, no. 9.
Paper questions the nature of technology in our era - "will the presence of women within the technological enterprise in significant numbers change the nature of that enterprise into paths more consistent with feminist goals and values? How much much of our culture as women can we risk in pursuing the goal of entering (and taming) the citadel of science and technology?" The goal of this work is to suggest ways of achieving the development of technology "as if people matter".

Gill and L.S. Keller (eds.). Inventing women: science, technology and gender. Cambridge, U.K.: Polity Press in association with the Open University, 1992.

Hanington, B. (ed.). CARE For The Earth: Insights from a Conference on Agroforestry. c. 1990 A CARE Canada Publication.
Two articles published in this work address women, science and technology. The first is "Women in Agroforestry (K.M. Rorison) and the second is "The Gender Factor" (L. Moffat).

Haraway, Donna. " A Cyborg Manifesto: Science, Technology, and Socialist-Feminism in the Late Twentieth Century," in Simians, Cyborgs and Women: The Reinvention of Nature. New York: Routledge, 1991.

Harding, Sandra. The "Racial" Economy of Science. Indiana University Press, 1993.

Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. Appropriate agricultural technologies for farm women: future research strategy and linkages with development systems; international conference, 1988.

Kajese, K.T. Development Innovations and Networks. Office for E and S Africa, Harare, Technology in the service of rural women. Geneva: IRED, 1986.

Kotte, Dieter. Gender differences in science achievement in ten countries. Frankfurt am Main: Verlag Peter Lang GmbH, 1992.

Kurian, R. Women Workers in the Sri Lanka Plantation Sector (Women, Work and Development Series #5). c. 1982 International Labour Office, Geneva.
Examines the nature and evolution of the plantation system in Sri Lanka and implications for female workers. Has relevance under "technology".

Lewis, Martha W. Women and food: an annotated bibliography on food production, preservation and improved nutrition. Office of Women in Development, U.S. Agency for International Development, Washington, D.C.

Licuanan, V.S. Women Entrepreneurs in Southeast Asia. c. 1992 Asian Institute of Management (joint project with CIDA).
Women Managers in Organizations (WMO) in Southeast Asia looks at women entrepreneurs in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand. Science and technology are focused upon in a number of the case studies examined.

Lubin, C.R. and A. Winslow. 1990. Social Justice for Women: The ILO and Women. Duke University Press.
Examines women's roles in the ILO for the past 70 years. Examines training institutes and vocational schools for women in various sections of the book.

Lynch, P.D. and H. Fahmy. Craftswomen in Kerdassa, Egypt. Women, Work and Development Series #7. c. 1984 International Labour Organization.
Study describes situation for craftswomen in Kerdassa and stresses the need for relevant education and vocational training programs, and cooperative formation as essential components for improving the economic and demographic situation of any overall policy.

Made, P. and B. Lagerstrom. 1984. Zimbabwean Women in Industry. Zimbabwe House (Pvt) Ltd., Harare, Zimbabwe.
Addresses the problems of working women in Zimbabwe, with mention of science, technology and education issues.

McDowell, James and Virginia Hazzard. Village technology and women's work in Eastern Africa. Les Carnets de l'Enfance, Assignment Children, UNICEF, No. 36, October -December 1976, Geneva.

Mies, Maria and Vandana Shiva. Ecofeminism. Halifax, N.S., Canada: Fernwood Publications, 1993.

Moussa, Farag. 1991. Women inventors. Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization.

__________. 1994. Women inventors organizations. Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization.

Ndunda, M.M.K. Because I am a woman: young women's resistance to science careers in Kenya. Kingston, Ont: Queen's University, 1990. thesis.

The North-South Institute. Women In Industry. c. 1985 The North-South Institute.
Includes subjects such as the rise of third-world manufacturing, women in third-world industries, and women in vulnerable industries. Also examines Canadian ties with certain countries. Writen at the end of the U.N. Decade for Women, when there was much controversy about how much progress had been achieved.

Oakes, Jennie. Lost talent: the underparticipation of women, minorities and disabled persons in science. Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 1990.

O'Kelly, Elizabeth. Rural women: their integration in development programmes and how simple intermediate technologies can hlep them. Publisher unknown, 1978.

O'Kelly, Elizabeth. Simple technologies for rural women in Bangladesh. Publisher unknown, 1978.

Overholt, C., M.B. Anderson, K. Cloud, J.E. Austin. Gender Roles in Development Projects: A Case Book. c. 1985 Kumarian Press, Inc.
One section of the book contains "Technical Papers" by the editors, as well as M. Dulansey. Includes "Women in Development: A Framework for Project Analysis", "Women's Productivity in Agricultural Systems: Considerations for Project Design", "Technology Transfer: Implications for Women", and "Small-Scale Enterprise and Women".

Pacey, A. Culture of technology. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1983.

Rakowski, C.A. Nov. 1985. Women in Non-Traditional Industry: The Case of Steel in Ciudad Guayana, Venezuela. Working Paper #104 (University needed).
There was an employment boom in Ciudad Guayana from 1974-1979, but a decline in female employment occurred in following years. This case study examines both female labourers and engineers and discrimination against them. It also suggests corrective programs.

Rothschild, J. Women, technology and innovation. Women's studies international quarterly. Oxford: v.4, no.3, p. 289-382, 1982.

Sandhu, R. and J. Sandler. The Tech and Tools Book: A Guide to Technologies Women are Using Worldwide. International Women's Tribune/I.T. Publications, 1986.
The subject of this work is appropriate technology, and the idea behind the book is that it will increase technical cooperation amongst women. Different technologies, ranging from micro-hydro electric power to sorghum milling, are discussed throughout the book. Advantages and disadvantages of each technology are laid out clearly, with illustrations.

Segal, Aaron. 1987. Learning by doing: science and technology in the developing world. Boulder: Westview.

Scott, G. L. and M. Carr. 1985. The Impact of Technological Choice on Rural Women in Bangladesh: Problems and Opportunities. World Bank Staff Working Papers # 731.
Contribution to agricultural production by women is not considered valuable because it is "domestic labour". Technology and modernization are displacing opportunities for women to contribute, and the rural wage economy is not prepared for them. This work explores these themes.

Slocum, Sally Linton. 1975. "Woman the gatherer: male bias in anthopology" In Rayna Rapp Reiter, ed., Toward an anthropology of women. New York: Monthly Review Press.

Stamp, Patricia. Technology, Gender and Power in Africa. Technical Study 63e. c. IDRC 1989.
"This book demonstrates that the study of gender relations and the power of women is central to an evaluation of development efforts in Africa. The interactive relationship between technology transfer and gender factors is explored using case studies and examples from the development literature on agriculture, health and nutrition, as well as from feminist scholarship in Africa."

Stanley, Autumn. 1983. "From Africa to America: black women inventors." in Jan Zimmerman, ed. The technological woman: interfacing with tomorrow. New York: Praeger.

_____________. 1993. Mothers and daughters of invention. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press.

Stolte-Heiskanen, V. Women in Science: Token Women or Gender Equality? ISSC, 1991.
A compendium of articles by various authors, based on the outcome of a cross-national research study project .

Turnbull, David, and Helen Watson-Verran. 1994. "Science and other indigenous knowledge production systems" In S. Jasanoff, G. Markle, T. Pinch, and J. Petersen, eds. Handbook on science, technology, and society. Beverly Hills: Sage.

Uberoi, Chanchal. India's Long History of Women in Science. Physics Today 46:92, April 1993

United Nations. 1986, 1989. World Survey on the Role of Women in Development. United Nations.
Portions of the book deal with industrialization and technological development. Especially relevant is Chapter 5, which presents the role of women in development and application of science and technology, benefits accruing to females from science and technological progress, ways of improving roles of women, and potential impact of these improvements on achievement of overall development goals.

UN Commission on Science and Technology for Development (UNCSTD). Missing Links: Gender Equity in Science and Technology for Develoment. Ottawa and New York: IDRC/UNIFEM/IT Publications, 1995.

UN Commission on Science and Technology for Development (UNCSTD) and American Association for the Advancement of Science. Consideration of the reports of the 1983 panels of the Advisory Committee: S&T and women; report of the Ad Hoc Panel of Experts on S&T and Women, 1983.

UN Conference on Trade and Development, Secretariat. Women, technology and sexual divisions. Study prepared by Amartya K. Sen at the request of the UNCTAD secretariat and INSTRAW. New York: UN, 1985.

UN Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) Newsletter. Special Issue on Women and S&T. 1994

UNDP, Women and the food cycle. London: Intermediate Technology Publications, 1989.

UNESCO. Some ideas from women technicians in small countries. Impact of science on society, v. 30, no.1. 1980.

UNIFEM. Women's Roles in Technical Innovation. New York: IT Publications in Association with UNIFEM, 1995.

Veken, M. van der. Women, technology and development. Louvain: ATOL, 1988.

Vietnam Women's Union and the Kovalevskaia Fund (sponsors). Proceedings of the Southeast Asian Seminar on Women and Science in Developing Countries. Seattle, WA: Kovalevskaia Fund, 1987.

Wajcman, J. 1991. Feminism Confronts Technology. Pennsylvania State University Press.
Addresses the subjects of feminist critiques of science and technology, the technology or production, reproductive technology, domestic technology, the built environment, and technology as a masculine culture.

Warren, Kay, and Susan Bourque. 1991. "Women, technology and international development ideologies: analyzing feminist voices." In Micaela di Leonardo, ed., Gender at the crossroads of knowledge: feminist anthropology in the post-modern era. Berkeley: University of California Press.

World Commission on Environment and Development. Our Common Future. c. 1987 World Commission on Environment and Development.
Contains portions dealing with policy and action needs for education for women, as well as appropriate technology; also includes sections on women as farmers and educators. See Index.

Zimmerman, J. 1983. The Technological Woman: Interfacing With Tomorrow. Praeger Publishers/San Diego State University Foundation.
Collection of essays addressing many aspects of science and technology under four major subsections: "New Technology, Old Values", "Ladies' Home Technology", "A Living Wage", and "The Politics of Tomorrow".